雅思寫作中的動(dòng)詞用法
2024-08-04 14:26:41 來源:中國(guó)教育在線
隨著留學(xué)市場(chǎng)的不斷發(fā)展,越來越多的學(xué)生選擇留學(xué)。如果你也是想要留學(xué)的學(xué)生之一,那么你就需要參加語(yǔ)言考試,其中雅思托福就是最為常見的英語(yǔ)考試,下面中國(guó)教育在線外語(yǔ)頻道小編就為大家介紹一下雅思寫作中的動(dòng)詞用法。
動(dòng)詞方面的問題
動(dòng)詞是寫作中最令考生糾結(jié)、最擰巴的一類詞匯,在寫作中,不僅要顧及到動(dòng)詞的時(shí)(過去、現(xiàn)在、將來)和體(一般、進(jìn)行、完成、完成進(jìn)行),還要關(guān)注它們的語(yǔ)態(tài)(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))和語(yǔ)氣(真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣、非真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣/虛擬語(yǔ)氣),在句子中作謂語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞受主語(yǔ)單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)的影響,且動(dòng)詞有時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志)或者非謂語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞不受主語(yǔ)單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)的影響,也沒有時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志)的特性。
一、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)
(1)The graph shows that skateboarding or rollerblading was less popular among children.
改正:wasis
譯文:圖表表明滑板或輪滑在孩子中不那么受歡迎。
解析:本句所在的圖表中沒有提及時(shí)間,不必使用過去時(shí)。
(2)For another, web games are really prevalent among students, which made them neglect their studies.
改正:mademakes
譯文:另一方面,網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲深受學(xué)生歡迎,這會(huì)使得他們忽視自己的學(xué)習(xí)。
解析:網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的盛行,是一種現(xiàn)狀,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表述即可。
(3)For instance, if colleges wanted to own a favorable academic environment and introduce talents, great sum of money is required.
改正:wantedwant
譯文:例如:如果大學(xué)要引進(jìn)人才并創(chuàng)造良好的學(xué)術(shù)氛圍,就需要大量的資金。
解析:本句假設(shè)是基于現(xiàn)狀做出的,動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。
另:本句改為For instance, if colleges wanted to introduce talents and create a favorable academic environment, great sum of money is required.更符合邏輯。
二、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣/語(yǔ)態(tài)
(1)If the government is encouraged to cover the complete fees, higher education would develop more equally.
改正:is encouragedwere encouraged/should be encouraged
譯文:如果鼓勵(lì)政府承擔(dān)所有的學(xué)費(fèi),高等教育發(fā)展將會(huì)更公平。
解析:本句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。If從句的動(dòng)詞與將來相反,be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用were;或動(dòng)詞改成should+動(dòng)詞原形。
(2)In spite of the society now is fully advocated that a equal between the men and women, the ratio of the works is still unable to make it realized.
改正:In spite ofAlthough;advocatedadvocating;that a equalan equality;the worksjobs
譯文:盡管現(xiàn)代社會(huì)完全提倡男女平等,但是工作的比例問題仍舊不能夠確保這種平等實(shí)現(xiàn)。
解析:in spite of+名詞性短語(yǔ),although后面接讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;the society與advocate之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);advocate后面跟的是名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ),不是賓語(yǔ)從句,that沒有必要,且在名詞短語(yǔ)中,equal是形容詞,需要改成名詞;works表示泛指,且是不可數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)該去掉the,改成jobs或者work。
(3)If the government could be responsible for that(學(xué)費(fèi))would be more considerate of the students who will contribute more to society, even the nation.
改正:would be, it would be
譯文:如果政府能夠承擔(dān)學(xué)費(fèi),學(xué)生會(huì)更加體諒政府,也因此會(huì)給社會(huì)甚至國(guó)家做更多的貢獻(xiàn)。
解析:本句是含有if的虛擬主從復(fù)合句,if置于句首,從句與主句之間用逗號(hào)隔開,且主句缺少主語(yǔ),用it表示,替代這種狀況。
(4)Therefore, the issue who should take care of this problem is continued being taken about.
改正:the issue whothe issue about who;taken abouttalked about
譯文:因此,人們都在繼續(xù)討論誰(shuí)應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)此事這一問題。
解析:the issue就是關(guān)于who從句的,中間加about即可;或者把the issue去掉,做成who引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。taken about屬于詞匯使用錯(cuò)誤。
(5)If I was an employer, I would obviously choose the employees who have been trained in this field.
改正:was改成were
譯文:顯而易見,如果我是老板,我也會(huì)優(yōu)先選擇在相關(guān)領(lǐng)域接受過培訓(xùn)的員工。
解析:這是與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,從句be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用were。
三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是眾多考上的弱項(xiàng),包括語(yǔ)言能力在雅思6分以上的考生也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)類似的錯(cuò)誤。它主要分為三個(gè)方面:動(dòng)詞不定式(to+V.原形和V.原形)、分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞V.-ing和過去分詞V.-ed)、動(dòng)名詞(V.-ing)。
(1)Take all these factors into consideration, the Internet has its drawbacks.
改正:TakeTaking
譯文:考慮到所有這些因素,網(wǎng)絡(luò)還是存在弊端。
解析:這是一個(gè)斷句現(xiàn)象,兩個(gè)短句之間不存在任何的并列連詞??梢钥紤]把前者做成現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)。
(2)There is a general discussion about the issue of children doing paid work is completely wrong.
改正:the issue of childrenwhether childrens
譯文:人們都在討論,孩子做有償勞動(dòng)是否完全錯(cuò)誤。
解析:about 后面在沒有任何從屬連詞的前提下,存在一個(gè)句子,是不合理的。根據(jù)意思表述,做如上修改.
(3)Those who object to it argue that who is the valuable work experience, important for their learning.
改正:that who is thethe it is
譯文:那些反對(duì)的人認(rèn)為,這是有價(jià)值的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),對(duì)于學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)很重要。
解析:argue that后面是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,句子的主語(yǔ)不應(yīng)該是who,而是一種行為。
(4)Though sometimes children feel tired and hard to finish their work, they must be face with many difficulties and challenges if they choose to work.
改正:children feel tiredthey feel tired;they mustchildren must
譯文:盡管有時(shí)候會(huì)感到很累,很難完成工作,但是如果選擇做有償勞動(dòng),孩子們就必須得面對(duì)許多困難和挑戰(zhàn)。
解析:在主從復(fù)合句中,人稱代詞作主語(yǔ)通常置于從句中,而名詞做主語(yǔ)置于主句之中。
(5)In addition, the government can make economic reforms to colleges is that schools pay students for doing community services around colleges.
改正:to colleges is thatto colleges, which is that
譯文:此外,政府可以針對(duì)大學(xué)進(jìn)行改革,即學(xué)校付錢給學(xué)生在學(xué)校附近進(jìn)行社區(qū)服務(wù)。
解析:that從句是解釋說明的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的內(nèi)容,可以采用非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的方式修改。
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